Potential pandemic pathogens series: MERS virus

In the last two years we have experienced the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in our lives and hospitals. Pandemics are part of the history of humanity and we can be certain that in the future new pandemics will appear. In fact, due to the growth in the human population, increased travel and global warming, it is to be expected that new pandemic pathogens will arise more frequently than before. Additionally, decreased barriers between animals and humans will give rise to spillover events, which will result in the introduction of new zoonotic pathogens in humans. In each of the parts of this series we will, in a short format, highlight a potential pandemic pathogen and describe its characteristics, history and potential for global pandemics. This part of the series focusses on MERS-CoV infection which, up until now, has been fairly contained in a small part of the world but definitely has traits that make it a pathogen to watch. As in previous parts of this series, we will highlight its clinical picture and explain why it should not be underestimated.

Potential pandemic pathogens series: Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever

In the last two years we have experienced the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in our lives and hospitals. Pandemics are part of the history of humanity and we can be certain that in the future new pandemics will appear. In fact, due to the growth in the human population, increased travel and global warming, it is to be expected that new pandemic pathogens will arise more frequently than before. Additionally, decreased barriers between animals and humans will give rise to spillover events, which will result in the introduction of new zoonotic pathogens in humans. In each of the parts of this series we will, in a short format, highlight a potential pandemic pathogen and describe its characteristics, history and potential for global pandemics. This part of the series focusses on the Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus. Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever is a tick-borne disease, which is generally found in workers at farms and slaughterhouses and sometimes causes small outbreaks in families or hospital personal, as it can be spread by body fluids. Symptoms are unspecific, including myalgia, headache and fever. The disease course is often mild, but in patients who develop a haemorrhagic phase, the fatality rate is high. Treatment is primarily supportive but antiviral therapy including favipiravir and ribavirin are under investigation.

Potential pandemic pathogens series: Nipah virus

In the last two years we have experienced the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in our lives and hospitals. Pandemics are part of the history of humanity and we can be certain that in the future new pandemics will appear. In fact, due to the growth in the human population, increased travel and global warming, it is to be expected that new pandemic pathogens will arise more frequently than before. Additionally, decreased barriers between animals and humans will give rise to spillover events which may result in the introduction of new zoonotic pathogens in humans. In each of the parts of this series we will, in a short format, highlight a potential pandemic pathogen and describe its characteristics, history and potential for global pandemics. In this part of the series we focus on the Nipah virus. Nipah virus is currently on the WHO’s list of global priority pathogens as it possesses pandemic properties, is highly infectious and potentially fatal. Here we explore the past, present and future of Nipah virus.

Potential pandemic pathogens series: Zika virus

In the last two years we have experienced the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in our lives and hospitals. Pandemics are part of the history of humanity and we can be certain that in the future new pandemics will appear. In fact, due to the growth in the human population, increased travel and global warming, it is to be expected that new pandemic pathogens will arise more frequently than before. Additionally, decreased barriers between animals and humans which will give rise to spillover events which will result in the introduction of new zoonotic pathogens in humans. In each of the parts of this series we will, in a short format, highlight a potential pandemic pathogen and describe its characteristics, history and potential for global pandemics. This part of the series is devoted to the Zika virus (ZIKV). We describe the history of ZIKV, the clinical picture and finally, we conclude with a discussion about the pandemic risk of ZIKV infection.

POCUS series: point-of-care lung ultrasound in patients with COVID-19

This article is part of the point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) series. During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, we have been managing large numbers of infected patients whilst maintaining high-quality healthcare. In this article we aim to provide a short and practical description on how point-of-care lung ultrasound can be of use to facilitate diagnosis and treatment in critically ill patients diagnosed with COVID-19.